Human security is an emerging international paradigm for realizing global threats whose promoters contend that the appropriate referent for global security must be on the human as opposed to national level. Although there are many international instruments such as the United Nations (UN) and Red Cross that attempt to enhance human security, it is a limited response that fails to address the issues related to the lack of security for the human within the society. This article examines the relationship between human security and peace in different societies and civilizations. It concludes with a series of recommendations for future research.

According to the human security concept, human security is the only feasible route to promoting a peaceful transition and development in unstable regions where human beings are living in large numbers and interacting with each other. Human security also advocates that states should have the power to prevent internal strife and violence in its citizenry through control of human security. This concept does not deny the reality of international terrorism or the responsibility of states to protect their citizens from terrorism. However, it emphasizes that security must be equated with the control of internal turmoil within a country as this has been the major cause of major interstate conflicts and mass movements. The ability of a state to maintain order and discipline within its people is a key factor in determining its ability to promote and protect human security.

The human security concept also criticizes the way that human security is promoted by some organizations in the name of economic growth. This concept holds that there is nothing wrong with looking for profit in a way that infringes on the security interests of the human population. However, this particular criticism has been highlighted due to the consistent violations of human rights and mass abuses in different conflicts. Other human rights violations that are commonly associated with such business ventures include forced child labor and slave labor. One argument often put forth against this concept is that the promotion of human security can actually harm the economy.

This concept also criticizes the human security approach as being too nationalistic. It argues that there are other international relations strategies that can better address and counter human security concerns than the narrow focus of national security. The international focus of human security is seen as being the cornerstone of any sustainable peace and security rather than relying on the use of force as a means of conflict resolution. The human security concept advocates the use of diplomacy, multilateral organizations, and nonviolent civil resistance as the key drivers of promoting human security. The use of force should only be used as a last resort to respond to intolerable situations. The security interests of individual states should always take precedence over the security interests of the wider human society.

Many human security experts argue that focusing primarily on security and defense at the expense of promoting peace and stability can actually create more problems than it solves. A better approach might be to promote a mixture of both offensive and defensive tactics. This will enhance the likelihood that a country can survive periods of internal unrest and military conflict and at the same time maintain a large international military presence. Another human security concern is the lack of an appropriate and adequate response during and after natural disasters. A key role for international collaboration in addressing such issues has been seen as the most effective way of averting disaster and helping to rebuild.

There is no doubt that the human security concept is still evolving. It is highly debated by various academic scholars and security practitioners around the world. However, human security is seen as a critical issue that must be addressed to prevent and alleviate human suffering and preserve peace and security. Efforts to build consensus regarding this critical issue and related concepts can only serve to strengthen the United Nations and regional institutions.

The Summer Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (SIEst) offers two programs – the Summer Academy and the Summer Science and Technology Track. The program process and the costs of both the Academy and the Track are quite different in the case of candidates appointed either by a HUMSEC project sponsor or by external participants. For detailed information click here. Financial Assistance. The scholarships are allotted, in restricted numbers, to eligible participants from various countries, such as Croatia.

The main objective of the HUMSEC program is the promotion of European training and innovation by providing financial assistance to Croatian institutions for the conduct of research centres in HUMSEC countries. The Summer Academy aims at training students for positions in national research centres of the host country. The Summer Science and Technology Track aim at preparing students for a career in the field of criminal organizations, criminology, forensic science or law enforcement. On the one hand, the Summer Academy aims at providing the basic knowledge required for working in international settings and on the other to provide the hands-on skills that are necessary for working in these settings. The Summer Science Track also aims at preparing students for a career in forensic science or criminal organizations. The Summer Academy program is conducted by a renowned institution based in Zadar, Croatia, with branches spread throughout the rest of Croatia and in several Middle Eastern countries as well.

The Summer Academy is one of the largest transnational programmes of its kind. Many member institutions of the Summer Research Centre to conduct the program from a single campus located in Zadar. The overall number of participants of this program is close to twenty five thousand people from over twenty countries. Almost half of these participants come from Europe, North America, Asia and Latin America. This large participant concentration gives a great weightage to the transnational character of the Summer Research Centre. The other major centre associated with the Summer Academy is the European Training Programme (ETP), which has a similarly wide participant concentration.

The main aim of both the Summer Research Centre and the Summer Academy is the promotion of cooperation and information sharing among different civil society groups, academic agencies, governmental departments, industry sectors and other relevant international organisations and key players in the international terrorism and criminal organisations prevention, response, protection and response programme. They work together in developing a common agenda, strategy, shared projects and action plans for the various projects that are part of the larger international terrorism prevention, response, protection and response programme. The main objectives of both the Summer Research Centre and the Summer Academy are focused on the promotion of closer cooperation, information sharing, counter-radicalisation strategies against transnational terrorist groups, human cargo and other international criminals that have entered the Croatia national borders. They also work towards improving the counter-extremist capacities of Croatian security services.

The HRD/OIOSPO project is a part of the EU Global Strategy on countering transnational terrorist activities and the Counter Terrorist Knowledge Exchange (CTIQ). This was co-chaired by the EU Commissioner for Home Affairs, Vera Cincerra; the Italian Minister of Education, Stefano Gabbana and the British Foreign Office’s counter-extremism director, Sir Mark Walcott. The HRD stands for Human Resource Development and coordination of the counter-extremist Knowledge Exchange; the CTSI or the Centre for Terrorism Intelligence Studies is for Counter Terrorist Information Sharing; while the European Training Centre is for disseminating training materials on countering foreign terrorist activities in the Croatian Market and in the rest of the EU. The HRD is co-chaired by the former Italian Minister of Economy, Angelino Alfano and the former Spanish Minister of Justice, Francisco da Silva Reza. The EU Global Strategy is co-chaired by the Italian Foreign Minister Paolo Pacotti and the German Foreign Minister, Schoeckenhofer.

The HRD stands for Human Resource Development and coordination of the counter-extremist Knowledge Exchange; the CTSI or the Centre for Terrorism Intelligence Studies is for counter-extremist information sharing; the European Training Centre is for disseminating training materials on countering foreign terrorist activities in the Croatian market and elsewhere in the EU. The HRD supports capacity-building and social inclusion for persons from the low-income group, women, tribal minorities, artisan workers, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, and other socially challenged groups, especially those in the west and Asia. The Human Resources and Sport (HRAS) department is co-chaired by the former Croatian minister of Sports, Mr Ivan Kastanovic, and the former Spanish sports minister, Mr Paco Pena, and is implementing a program called “ociobrenal” which is an exchange of cultural and sporting activities organised by its partner institutions in the east and south of the country. The EU Global Strategy co-chaired by Mrs Cincerra, the Italian Minister of Education, Ms Costa and Mr Walcott is focussed on reducing the transnational and multi-cultural terrorism, which is threatening peace and security in the EU and its neighbouring regions.